Turmeric Dyeing of Cotton In the Lab

Theory

Natural dyes are derived from natural sources. We get turmeric dye from turmeric, a kind of spice that is also used for cooking. Natural dyestuff refers to the plant or other material from which it is extracted.

{getToc} $title={Table of Contents}

Objectives

Learn about natural dyes.
Learn about the dyeing process of turmeric dye.

Apparatus

Glass rod
Pot (made of stainless steel)
Heat source
Weight balancers, etc.

Recipe

Chemicals / Parameters	Required Amount
Turmeric	2%
Alum	3 g/L
Wetting Agent	1 g/L
Sequestering Agent	1 g/L
Leveling Agent	1 g/L
Salt	2 g/L
Temperature	80℃
Time	50 mins
M:L	1:20
Sample Weight	5 gm
After Treatment
Detergent	2 g/L
Temperature	70℃
Time	10 mins

Calculations

Sample fabric= 5 gm

So, Total liquor= (5✕20)= 100 ml

Dye,

100 gm fabric needed 2 gm of dye

So, 5 gm of fabric needed (2✕5) /100= 0.1 gm

Chemicals,

Alum= (3✕100) /1000= 0.3 gm

Wetting agent= (1✕100) /1000= 0.1 ml

Sequestering agent= (1✕100) /1000= 0.1 gm

Levelling agent= (1✕100) /1000= 0.1 ml

Salt= (2✕100) /1000= 0.2 gm

Total liquid chemicals= (0.1+0.1)= 0.2 ml

Required freshwater= (100-0.2)= 99.8 ml

Working Procedure

Sample fabric (scoured and bleached) is weighted and taken 5 gms
Chemicals (liquid and solid) are calculated and taken as the required amount in the dye pot.
Freshwater is added as required.
Fabric is dipped in the dye pot.
Heated the pot at 80℃ for 50 minutes.
After dyeing, rinsed the fabric and added detergent, and washed the fabric at 70℃ for 10 minutes.
Then dried the fabric.
Finally ironed the fabric.
Thus dyeing is done.

Turmeric Dyed Fabric Sample

Turmeric Dyed Cotton Sample

The Curve of Turmeric Dyeing

Turmeric Dyeing Curve

Precautions

Fabric must be scoured and bleached.
Dyeing temperature and time should be maintained.
The washing temperature should be carefully maintained.
The recipe should be accurately followed.

Conclusion

We have dyed cotton fabric with turmeric dye, which is a natural dye. Here, the temperature is used 80°C. At higher temperatures, more than 60℃, natural dyeing could be hampered. We could use this temperature because the dyeing process is done in an open bath in the lab. But in a close bath, natural dye will be damaged at higher temperatures, more than 60℃.

How cotton is dyed with onion skins?

Ahmedabad